Energy and the Construction of Russian Influence: A Study in Geo-Strategic Utilization

Abstract

     The paper analyzes the pivotal periodicity of the energy variable as a geostrategic power tool in Russian foreign policy, based on the premise that energy is no longer merely an economic resource but rather a structural tool in reshaping Russian influence regionally and internationally.

     The research shows that Russia used energy as a means of mutual pressure and polarization with the European Union before the Ukrainian war and sanctions led to a reorientation of its strategies towards the East, particularly with China, which has become its largest energy partner, albeit with increasing dependency risks. Russia also maintained its influence in Central Asia by controlling transit corridors and pipeline infrastructure, while the relationship with Turkey was embodied in a model of competitive cooperation based on mutual interests and joint energy projects. The research concludes that energy represents the central pillar of contemporary Russian power, used to manage crises, balance relations with major powers, and consolidate Russia's role as a major player in the global energy security architecture, despite structural transformations and Western sanctions.